Eco-Friendly Detoxification of Congo Red Dye from Water by Citric Acid Activated Bioadsorbents Consisting of Watermelon and Water Chestnuts Peels Collected from Indigenous Resources

The native peels of two cheap, locally available adsorbents, watermelon (PWM) and water chestnuts (PWC), were chemically processed with different chemicals as modifying agents for the determination assessment their adsorption ability removal clearance harmful, venomous, pernicious Congo red (CGR), an acidic nature anionic dye, from aqueous system. In successive batch experiments, citric acid-treated CPWM CPWC have shown more promising performance than raw untreated peel counterparts due to availability additional active binding sites evidenced through FT-IR SEM characterizations. Langmuir Temkin models, correlation coefficients ( R 2 ) adsorptive CGR on CPWM, PWM, CPWC, PWC are very close unity, 0.99 each case performance. Furthermore, id="M2"> q max nonlinear statistical results elimination adsorbents (CPWM CPWC) 8.3 7.95 mg/g whereas unmodified forms (PWM PWC) 2.23 4.32 mg/g, respectively, reflecting homogenous monolayer mechanism. greater values id="M3"> B T 1.4 1.3 J/mole, dye compared PWM which 0.53 0.55 indicate stronger adsorbate-adsorbent associations. mechanism follows pseudo second order in better mode, while thermodynamic statics ΔH0,ΔG0, ΔS0, ΔE0, spontaneous exothermic behavior adsorption. This study tends suggest that acid-modified may indeed be exploited efficiently eliminate wastewater.